UAS OSC Volume 2

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Operator ID:
UAS Operating Safety Case Volume 2 - UAS Description:
Document reference number:
Document version and date:

Amendment record

Amendment Number	Date	Amended by	Details of changes

CAP722A Table 6

Aircraft and systems description

UAS Model	Mavic Air 2
UAS design & manufaturing organisations	DJI

UAS physical characteristics

Empty Mass	Weight: 570 g
Maximum Take-Off Mass (MTOM)
Dimensions for Rotorcraft / Multirotor
Length of aircraft body	Size: Folded: 180 x 97 x 84 mm (Length x Width x Height) Unfolded: 183 x 253 x 77 mm (Length x Width x Height) Diagonal Distance: 302 mm
Width of aircraft body
Height of aircraft body
Propeller Configuration	Propellers: Quick release, low noise, folding
Propeller Dimensions
Sound power level
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 7

UAS performance characteristics

Maximum airspeed	Max Horizontal Flight Speed: 19 m/s (S Mode) 12 m/s (N Mode) 5 m/s (T Mode)
Minimum airspeed to maintain safe flight
Normal/typical operating height
Maximum operating height	Max Service Ceiling Above Sea Level: 5000 m
Maximum flight time during normal operation	Max Flight Time: 34 minutes
Maximum flight time on an ISA day at cruising speed at normal/typical operating height.
Maximum flight range on an ISA day (normal and emergency conditions)	Max Flight Distance: 18.5 km
Glide distances
Maximum radio range of the C2 Link

CAP722A Table 8

UAS environmental limitations

Wind speed limits	Max Wind Resistance: 8.5-10.5 m/s (Level 5)
Turbulence restrictions
Precipitation limits
OAT limits	Operating Temperature Range: -10 Deg. to 40 Deg.C (14 Deg. to 104 Deg.F)
In-flight icing condition limits
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 9

Construction

Type of material
Material characteristics or properties
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 10

Electrical power system

Batteries:
Battery type, model and manufacturer	Capacity: 3500 mAh Battery Type: LiPo 3S
Quantity
Arrangement
Generator:
Generator type, model and manufacturer
Specification
Electrical loads	Energy: 40.42 Wh Voltage: 11.55 V
Electrical load shedding functionality
Power supply redundancy
Procedures to charge and discharge batteries.
Safety provisions with regards to hazards inherent to high-voltage storage devices:
Procedures in place for safe handling by any person who may come into contact with high-voltage storage devices
Means of identifying high-voltage storage
Safety provisions for any person discovering the UA following an accident.
Procedures and safety provisions to mitigate the risk of battery thermal runaway.
Procedures for monitoring high-voltage storage devices.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information	Charging Voltage Limit: 13.2 V Charging Temperature: 5 Deg. to 40 Deg.C (41 Deg. to 104 Deg.F)

CAP722A Table 11

Propulsion system

Propulsion type
Engines:
Type, model and manufacturer
Propeller type, model and manufacturer
Quantity
Arrangement
Power output
Propeller guards
In-flight restart functionality
Performance monitoring
Health monitoring
Safety features and redundancy in the system that allow maintaining flight after a failure or degradation has occurred in the propulsion system.
Fuel-powered propulsion system – Safety features to mitigate the risk of engine loss when the following hazards occur:
Fuel starvation
Fuel contamination
Failed signal input from the control station
Engine controller failure
Indication to the remote pilot
Electric-powered propulsion system:
Power source and supply management with regards to other systems in the UA
Redundant power sources
Maximum continuous power output of the motor
Maximum peak power output of the motor
Electrical distribution architecture
Electrical load shedding functionality
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 12

Fuel system

Fuel type
Safety provisions with regards to hazardous substances within the fuel system:
List of hazardous substances and their characteristics.
Procedures in place for safe handling of the UA by any person who may come into contact with the hazardous substances.
Means of identifying the hazardous substances.
Safety provisions for any person discovering the UA following an accident.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 13

Flight Controls system

Design and operation of flight control units, surfaces, actuators, control linkages, etc.
Flight controller:
Type, model and manufacturer
Functions
Flight modes available
Automatic functions:
Take-off and landing
Stabilisation
Autopilot
Return to home
If functions are provided by COTS equipment, provide type, model and manufacturer.
Safety features and redundancy in the system which allow maintaining flight after a failure or degradation of the flight control system, including indication to the remote pilot.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 14

Navigation

Sensors
Type, model and manufacturer	Satellite Systems: GPS+GLONASS
Quantity
Telemetry links
Method to determine current position.
Method to navigate to intended destination.	Compass: Single Compass
Automatic/automated navigation functions
Geo-awareness functions
Containment functions
Safety features and redundancy in the system which allow maintaining flight after a failure or degradation has occurred in the navigation system:
Backup means of navigation
Detection of and response to loss of primary means and secondary means of navigation.
Indication to the remote pilot
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 15

Detect and Avoid (DAA) systems

DAA system functions	Forward: Precision Measurement Range: 0.35-22.0 m Detection Range: 0.35 to 44 m Effective Sensing Speed: 12 m/s Field of View (FOV): 71 Deg. (horizontal), 56 Deg. (vertical) Backward: Precision Measurement Range: 0.37-23.6 m Detection Range: 0.37-47.2 m Effective Sensing Speed: 12 m/s Field of View (FOV): 57 Deg. (horizontal), 44 Deg. (vertical) Available Downward Sensors: Dual Vision Sensors + Time of Flight Sensors (ToF) Downward: ToF Measurement Range: 0.1-8 m Hovering Range: 0.5-30 m Vision Sensor Hovering Range: 0.5-60 m Left/Right: None Obstacle Avoidance System: Advanced Pilot Assistance Systems (APAS) 3.0
Devices used
Technology used
Interface between the DAA system and the flight control computer
Limitations of the DAA system
Evidence of equipment qualification and approval.
DAA event sequence:
Level of automation
Actions required by the remote pilot
Means to verify normal system operation.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 16

Other avionics systems

Command Unit (CU)

Power sources, supply management and redundancy.
Radio signal:
Determination of the signal strength and health value.
Threshold values which represent a critically degraded signal.
Control handover between two CUs
Safety features to mitigate the risk of inadvertent command activation:
List of critical commands
Mitigation means
Safety features to mitigate the risk of display or HMI lock-up.
Safety features to maintain flight-critical processing when multiple programs are running concurrently.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Radio signal strength and/or health indication to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information	Operating Temperature: -10 Deg. to 40 Deg.C (14 Deg. to 104 Deg.F)

CAP722A Table 17

Command an Control (C2) link

RLOS
BRLOS
Antennas:
Type, model and manufacturer
Locations on the UAS
Transceivers / Modems:
Power levels	Transmitter Power (EIRP): 2.400-2.4835 GHz: FCC: <=26 dBm CE: <=20 dBm SRRC: <=20 dBm MIC: <=20 dBm 5.725-5.850 GHz: FCC: <=26 dBm CE: <=14 dBm SRRC: <=26 dBm Transmitter Power (EIRP): 2.400-2.4835 GHz: <26 dBm (FCC), <20 dBm (CE/SRRC/MIC) 5.725-5.850 GHz: <26 dBm (FCC), <23 dBm (SRRC), <14 dBm (CE)
Transmission schemes	Remote Controller Transmission System: When used with different aircraft hardware configurations, DJI RC-N1 Remote Controllers will automatically select the corresponding firmware version for updating and support the following transmission technologies enabled by the hardware performance of the linked aircraft models: a. DJI Mini 2/ DJI Mavic Air 2: O2 b. DJI Air 2S: O3 c. DJI Mavic 3: O3+
Operating frequencies
Details of frequency spectrum approvals	Operating Frequency: 2.400-2.4835 GHz 5.725-5.850 GHz
Maximum power output/range
Type of signal processing
Datalink margin in terms of the overall link bandwidth at the maximum anticipated distance from the CU.
Operational C2 link management:
Frequency switchovers
Contingency situations
Third party link service provider
Radio signal:
Determination of the signal strength and health value
Threshold values which represent a critically degraded signal.
Minimum and average assured data rates
Minimum and average assured latencies
Design features and procedures to maintain availability, continuity, and integrity of the datalink:
RF or other interference
Flight beyond communications range
Antenna masking
Loss of CU functionality
Loss of UA functionality
Atmospheric attenuation
Safety features to mitigate the risk of loss of C2 link:
C2 links redundancy
Automatic triggering of an emergency recovery function
Automatic return to home
Safety features to mitigate the risk of harmful interference.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Radio signal strength and/or health indication to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 18

Communications

Antennas:
Type, model and manufacturer
Locations on the UAS
Communication method:
VHF
GSM network
Satellite
Safety features to mitigate the loss of communication function:
Primary communication means
Secondary / back-up communication means
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Radio signal strength and/or health indication to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 19

Take-off and landing mechanisms

Wheels, skids, rails, launchers, etc.
If various mechanisms can be fitted:
Primary mechanism
Secondary mechanisms
Operational conditions/requirements for each mechanism.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 20

Emergency recovery and safety systems

Mode of operation
Safety features which mitigate the risk of loss of control or situational awareness.	IMU: Single IMU
Means to verify normal system operation.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 21

External lighting

Type, model and manufacturer	Downward Auxillary Light: Single LED
Locations on the UA
Colour
Operation
Operating modes
Purpose
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 22

Payload

Types
Mass
Interfaces with the UA:
Mechanical interface
Electrical interface
Data interface
Release mechanism
Any other interface
Procedures to install the payload onto the UA.
Effects of the payload on the UA
Sensors	Sensor: 1/2" CMOS Effective Pixels: 12 MP and 48 MP
Safety features to mitigate the risk of the payload affecting the flight of the UA:
Effects on aerodynamics
Effects of electro-magnetic interference.
Effects of electrical power and / or data connection failures on the UAS.
Effects of complete detachment of the payload from the UA (either caused by a failure or through intentional lowering / dropping of the payload).
Effects of partial detachment of the payload from the UA.
Distraction of the remote pilot generated by the payload during flight.
Procedures to verify the attachment points to the UA.
Procedures to verify the UA MTOM and CG location.
Procedures to detect and mitigate any failure of the payload in flight.
Safety provisions with regards to hazards inherent to the payload
Procedures in place for safe handling of the payload.
Means of identifying hazards.
HMI:
Information indicated to the remote pilot.
Alert messages indicated to the remote pilot.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 23

Ground support equipment

UAS launch and recovery systems
Power sources
Transportation equipment
Backup or emergency equipment
Procedures to transport UA, CU, battery/fuel, and other equipment between operation sites and from the loading/off-loading area to the take-off/landing area.
Storage of ground support equipment.
Suitability of the ground support equipment and transportation method with regards to the UAS components’ fragility, sensitivity or inherent hazards.
Ground support equipment standards
Ground support equipment manufacturer's recommendations.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 24

Maintenance

Maintenance manual:
Structure
Maintenance procedures:
Inspections
Overhaul
Repairs
Assurance of repair procedures
Batteries maintenance during storage periods
Origin of each procedure
Maintenance schedules
Procedures to record maintenance that has been carried out.
Storage of maintenance records
Staff qualification and levels of approval.
Procedures to use the manual by the Maintenance staff
Configuration control
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 25

Spare parts procurement

Sources of procurement
Process to confirm the suitability of the part.
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 26

Change Management and modifications to the system

Hardware, software, and firmware version control
Modification standards
Modification records storage
Safety assessment associated with the modification
Any other relevant information

CAP722A Table 27

Safety features of the UAS

Step 1 – Identify the main functions of the UAS.
Step 2 – Identify the sub-functions.
Step 3 – Consider the ways each function may fail.
Step 4 – Identify the failure conditions.
Step 5 – Select those failure conditions that may lead to mid-air collision or harm to uninvolved people on the ground. (Identified Hazard)
Step 6 – Assurance
Step 7 – Describe the consequence of the failure condition.
Step 8 – Describe the failure modes. (Unmitigated Failures)
Step 9 – Identify the single points of failure.
Step 10 – Describe the risk mitigation means.

CAP722A Table 28

ANNEX - Manufacturer supplied data forDJI Mavic Air 2

Aircraft
Weight	570 g
Size	Folded: 180 x 97 x 84 mm (Length x Width x Height) Unfolded: 183 x 253 x 77 mm (Length x Width x Height)
Diagonal Distance	302 mm
Max Ascent Speed	4 m/s (S Mode) 4 m/s (N Mode)
Max Descent Speed	3 m/s (S Mode) 3 m/s (N Mode) 5 m/s (S Mode and N Mode during a sharp descent) 3 m/s (all modes at elevations over 4500 m)
Max Service Ceiling Above Sea Level	5000 m
Max Flight Time	34 minutes
Max Hover Time (without wind)	33 minutes
Max Flight Distance	18.5 km
Max Horizontal Flight Speed	19 m/s (S Mode) 12 m/s (N Mode) 5 m/s (T Mode)
Max Wind Resistance	8.5-10.5 m/s (Level 5)
Max Tilt Angle	35 Deg. (S Mode) 20 Deg. (N Mode) 35 Deg. (N Mode under strong wind)
Max Angular Velocity	250 Deg./s (S Mode) 250 Deg./s (N Mode)
Operating Temperature Range	-10 Deg. to 40 Deg.C (14 Deg. to 104 Deg.F)
Operating Frequency	2.400-2.4835 GHz 5.725-5.850 GHz
Transmitter Power (EIRP)	2.400-2.4835 GHz: FCC: <=26 dBm CE: <=20 dBm SRRC: <=20 dBm MIC: <=20 dBm 5.725-5.850 GHz: FCC: <=26 dBm CE: <=14 dBm SRRC: <=26 dBm
Hovering Accuracy Range	Vertical: ±0.1 m (with vision positioning) ±0.5 m (with GPS positioning) Horizontal: ±0.1 m (with vision positioning) ±1.5 m (with GPS positioning)
Propellers	Quick release, low noise, folding
Satellite Systems	GPS+GLONASS
Compass	Single Compass
IMU	Single IMU
Internal Storage	8 GB
Battery
Capacity	3500 mAh
Voltage	11.55 V
Charging Voltage Limit	13.2 V
Battery Type	LiPo 3S
Energy	40.42 Wh
Weight	198 g
Charging Temperature	5 Deg. to 40 Deg.C (41 Deg. to 104 Deg.F)
Max Charging Power	38 W
Camera
Sensor	1/2" CMOS Effective Pixels: 12 MP and 48 MP
Lens	FOV: 84 Deg. Equivalent Focal Length: 24 mm Aperture: f/2.8 Focus Range: 1 m to ∞
ISO	Video: 100-6400 Photo (12 MP): 100-3200 (Auto) 100-6400 (Manual) Photo (48 MP): 100-1600 (Auto) 100-3200 (Manual)
Max Photo Resolution	48 MP 8000 x 6000 pixel
Photo Modes	Single: 12 MP and 48 MP Burst: 12 MP, 3/5/7 frames Automatic Exposure Bracketing (AEB): 12MP, 3/5 Frames at 0.7EV Bias Timed: 12 MP 2/3/5/7/10/15/20/30/60 seconds SmartPhoto: Scene Recognition, HyperLight, and HDR HDR Panorama[1]: Vertical (3 x 1): 3328 x 8000 pixels (Width x Height) Wide-angle (3 x 3): 8000 x 6144 pixels (Width x Height) 180 Deg. Panorama (3 x 7): 8192 x 3500 pixels (Width x Height) Sphere (3 x 8+1): 8192 x 4096 pixels (Width x Height)
Photo Formats	JPEG/DNG (RAW)
Video Resolution and Frame Rates	4K Ultra HD: 3840 x 2160 24/25/30/48/50/60 fps 2.7K: 2688 x 1512 24/25/30/48/50/60 fps FHD: 1920 x 1080 24/25/30/48/50/60/120/240 fps 4K Ultra HD HDR: 3840 x 2160 24/25/30 fps 2.7K HDR: 2688 x 1512 24/25/30 fps FHD HDR: 1920 x 1080 24/25/30 fps
Color Profiles	D-Cinelike, Normal
Video Formats	MP4/MOV (H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, H.265/HEVC)
Max Bitrate	120 Mbps
Supported SD Cards	Supports a microSD with capacity of up to 256 GB
Supported File Systems	FAT32 and exFAT
Zoom	Available
Gimbal
Stabilization	3-axis (tilt, roll, pan)
Mechanical Range	Tilt: -135 Deg. to 45 Deg. Roll: -45 Deg. to 45 Deg. Pan: -100 Deg. to 100 Deg.
Controllable Range	Tilt: -90 Deg. to 0 Deg. (Default) -90 Deg. to 24 Deg. (Extended)
Max Controllable Speed (tilt)	100 Deg./s
Angular Vibration Range	±0.01 Deg.
Vision System
Forward	Precision Measurement Range: 0.35-22.0 m Detection Range: 0.35 to 44 m Effective Sensing Speed: 12 m/s Field of View (FOV): 71 Deg. (horizontal), 56 Deg. (vertical)
Backward	Precision Measurement Range: 0.37-23.6 m Detection Range: 0.37-47.2 m Effective Sensing Speed: 12 m/s Field of View (FOV): 57 Deg. (horizontal), 44 Deg. (vertical)
Available Downward Sensors	Dual Vision Sensors + Time of Flight Sensors (ToF)
Downward	ToF Measurement Range: 0.1-8 m Hovering Range: 0.5-30 m Vision Sensor Hovering Range: 0.5-60 m
Left/Right	None
Downward Auxillary Light	Single LED
Safety
Obstacle Avoidance System	Advanced Pilot Assistance Systems (APAS) 3.0
Video Transmission
Transmission System	OcuSync 2.0 2.4 GHz/5.8 GHz Auto-Switching
Max Transmission Distance (free of interference)	10 km (FCC), 6 km (CE), 6 km (SRRC), 6 km (MIC)
Live View Quality	720p@30fps/1080@p30fps
Latency (depending on environmental conditions and mobile device)	120-130 ms
Video Transmission Encoding format	H.265/H.264 (Auto-switches depending on encoding capabilities of device)
Max Transmission Bitrate	12 Mbps
Operating Frequency	2.400-2.4835 GHz 5.725-5.850 GHz
Remote Controller
Remote Controller Transmission System	When used with different aircraft hardware configurations, DJI RC-N1 Remote Controllers will automatically select the corresponding firmware version for updating and support the following transmission technologies enabled by the hardware performance of the linked aircraft models: a. DJI Mini 2/ DJI Mavic Air 2: O2 b. DJI Air 2S: O3 c. DJI Mavic 3: O3+
Supported Mobile Device Connectors	Lightning, Micro USB, USB Type-C
Max Supported Mobile Device Size	180 x 86 x 10 mm (Height x Width x Thickness)
Operating Temperature	-10 Deg. to 40 Deg.C (14 Deg. to 104 Deg.F)
Transmitter Power (EIRP)	2.400-2.4835 GHz: <26 dBm (FCC), <20 dBm (CE/SRRC/MIC) 5.725-5.850 GHz: <26 dBm (FCC), <23 dBm (SRRC), <14 dBm (CE)
Operating Current/Voltage	1200 mA@3.6V (Android) 700 mA@ 3.6 V (iOS)
Charger
Charging Input	100-240 V, 50/60 Hz, 1.3 A
Charging Output	Charging Port: 13.2 V⎓2.82 A USB Port: 5 V⎓2 A
Voltage	13.2 V
Rated Power	38 W
SD Cards
Supported SD Cards	Micro SD™ Supports a microSD card with a capacity of up to 256 GB. A UHS-I Speed Grade 3 rating microSD card is required.
Recommended microSD Cards	SanDisk Extreme PRO 64GB V30 A2 microSDXC SanDisk High Endurance 64GB V30 microSDXC SanDisk Extreme 64GB V30 A2 microSDXC SanDisk Extreme 128GB V30 A2 microSDXC SanDisk Extreme 256GB V30 A2 microSDXC Lexar Lexar 667x 64GB V30 A2 microSDXC Lexar High-Endurance 64GB V30 microSDXC Samsung EVO 64GB microSDXC Samsung EVO Plus 64GB microSDXC Samsung EVO Plus 256GB microSDXC Kingston 128GB V30 microSDXC Netac 256GB A1 microSDXC
Footnotes:
	1. To ensure the Panorama quality, the aircraft will crop the panoramic photos made out of multiple images. Therefore, the photo resolution may vary in different shooting scenarios.

Data source: https://www.dji.com/mavic-air-2/specs

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Source data acquired 2023-01-23 19:03:42